Buddhist Art & Architecture
Development of Stupas, Chaityas, Viharas and evolution of sculpture schools (Gandhara, Mathura, Amravati) representing the life and teachings of Buddha.
Stupas
Hemispherical structures containing relics (Sanchi, Bharhut, Amravati). Represents the burial mound of Buddha. Key parts: Anda, Harmika, Chhatra.
Chaityas & Viharas
Chaityas are prayer halls (Karle, Ajanta). Viharas are residential monasteries for monks. Rock-cut architecture reached its peak here.
Gandhara School
North-West India. Influence of Greco-Roman style. Realistic representation, wavy hair, muscular body. Use of Grey Sandstone/Schist.
Mathura School
Indigenous style. Red Sandstone. Buddha shown in delighted mood. First images of Buddha were produced here.
Amravati School
Krishna-Godavari valley. White Marble. Narrative art (depicting Jataka tales). Patronized by Satavahanas.